DEFEROXAMINE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C25H48N6O8
Molecular Weight	560.684
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CC(=O)N(O)CCCCCNC(=O)CCC(=O)N(O)CCCCCNC(=O)CCC(=O)N(O)CCCCCN

InChI

InChIKey=UBQYURCVBFRUQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C25H48N6O8/c1-21(32)29(37)18-9-3-6-16-27-22(33)12-14-25(36)31(39)20-10-4-7-17-28-23(34)11-13-24(35)30(38)19-8-2-5-15-26/h37-39H,2-20,26H2,1H3,(H,27,33)(H,28,34)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/016267s050lbl.pdf | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19509317

Deferoxamine (brand name Desferal) an iron chelator, is a drug for the treatment of acute iron intoxication and of chronic iron overload due to transfusion-dependent anemias. Deferoxamine chelates iron by forming a stable complex that prevents the iron entering into further chemical reactions. However, drug may cause hypersensitivity reactions, systemic allergic reactions, and cardiovascular, hematologic and neurological adverse reactions. Serious adverse reactions include significant hypotension and marked body weight loss. Principally plasma enzymes metabolize deferoxamine, but the pathways have not yet been defined. The chelate is readily soluble in water and passes easily through the kidney, giving the urine a characteristic reddish color. Some is also excreted in the feces via the bile.

CNS Activity

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Iron 18 Target ID: CHEMBL2363058 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16339658	Chelating Agent 142

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Acute iron intoxication 5 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/016267s050lbl.pdf	Palliative		Approved 8429	DESFERAL Approved Use Deferoxamine Mesylate for Injection, USP is indicated for the treatment of acute iron intoxication and of chronic iron overload due to transfusion-dependent anemias. Acute Iron Intoxication Deferoxamine mesylate is an adjunct to, and not a substitute for, standard measures used in treating acute iron intoxication, which may include the following: induction of emesis with syrup of ipecac; gastric lavage; suction and maintenance of a clear airway; control of shock with intravenous fluids, blood, oxygen, and vasopressors; and correction of acidosis. Chronic Iron Overload Deferoxamine mesylate can promote iron excretion in patients with secondary iron overload from multiple transfusions (as may occur in the treatment of some chronic anemias, including thalassemia). Long-term therapy with deferoxamine mesylate slows accumulation of hepatic iron and retards or eliminates progression of hepatic fibrosis. Iron mobilization with deferoxamine mesylate is relatively poor in patients under the age of 3 years with relatively little iron overload. The drug should ordinarily not be given to such patients unless significant iron mobilization (e.g., 1 mg or more of iron per day) can be demonstrated. Deferoxamine mesylate is not indicated for the treatment of primary hemochromatosis, since phlebotomy is the method of choice for removing excess iron in this disorder. Launch Date 1968
Chronic iron overload 5 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/016267s050lbl.pdf	Palliative		Approved 8429	DESFERAL Approved Use Deferoxamine Mesylate for Injection, USP is indicated for the treatment of acute iron intoxication and of chronic iron overload due to transfusion-dependent anemias. Acute Iron Intoxication Deferoxamine mesylate is an adjunct to, and not a substitute for, standard measures used in treating acute iron intoxication, which may include the following: induction of emesis with syrup of ipecac; gastric lavage; suction and maintenance of a clear airway; control of shock with intravenous fluids, blood, oxygen, and vasopressors; and correction of acidosis. Chronic Iron Overload Deferoxamine mesylate can promote iron excretion in patients with secondary iron overload from multiple transfusions (as may occur in the treatment of some chronic anemias, including thalassemia). Long-term therapy with deferoxamine mesylate slows accumulation of hepatic iron and retards or eliminates progression of hepatic fibrosis. Iron mobilization with deferoxamine mesylate is relatively poor in patients under the age of 3 years with relatively little iron overload. The drug should ordinarily not be given to such patients unless significant iron mobilization (e.g., 1 mg or more of iron per day) can be demonstrated. Deferoxamine mesylate is not indicated for the treatment of primary hemochromatosis, since phlebotomy is the method of choice for removing excess iron in this disorder. Launch Date 1968

C_max

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
7.4 μM REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	10 mg/kg 1 times / day other, intravenous dose: 10 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: OTHER co-administered:	DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
12.9 μM REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	100 mg/kg 1 times / day other, intravenous dose: 100 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: OTHER co-administered:	DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
15.7 μM REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	10 mg/kg single, intramuscular dose: 10 mg/kg route of administration: Intramuscular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
2.5 μM REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	10 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 10 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
2.7 μM REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	100 mg/kg 1 times / day other, intravenous dose: 100 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: OTHER co-administered:	DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
6.1 μM REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	10 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 10 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
7 μM REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	10 mg/kg single, intramuscular dose: 10 mg/kg route of administration: Intramuscular experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
10.1 μM REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	40 mg/kg single, subcutaneous dose: 40 mg/kg route of administration: Subcutaneous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
354 μM × h REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	10 mg/kg 1 times / day other, intravenous dose: 10 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: OTHER co-administered:		DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
3.05 h REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	10 mg/kg 1 times / day other, intravenous dose: 10 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: OTHER co-administered:		DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN
7.59 h REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11206963/	40 mg/kg single, subcutaneous dose: 40 mg/kg route of administration: Subcutaneous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		DEFEROXAMINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNKNOWN age: UNKNOWN sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
700 mg/kg 1 times / day single, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 700 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 700 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12644925/	unhealthy, 17 years n = 1 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: sickle cell-beta thalassemia Age Group: 17 years Sex: M Population Size: 1 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12644925/	Other AEs: Renal failure... Other AEs: Renal failure Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12644925/
135 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous (mean) Studied dose Dose: 135 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 135 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7840508/	unhealthy, meadian age 12 years n = 10 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: recurrent neuroblastoma Age Group: meadian age 12 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 10 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7840508/	Disc. AE: Visual disturbances... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Visual disturbances Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7840508/
240 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Studied dose Dose: 240 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 240 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7840508/	unhealthy, meadian age 12 years n = 10 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: recurrent neuroblastoma Age Group: meadian age 12 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 10 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7840508/	DLT: Lethargy, Dizziness... Dose limiting toxicities: Lethargy Dizziness Blurred vision Leg cramps Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7840508/
62 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous MTD Dose: 62 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 62 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21868742/	unhealthy, median age 70 years n = 6 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: intracerebral hemorrhage Age Group: median age 70 years Sex: M+F Population Size: 6 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21868742/	DLT: Aspiration pneumonia... Other AEs: Hyperglycaemia, Vomiting... Dose limiting toxicities: Aspiration pneumonia (33.3%) Other AEs: Hyperglycaemia (grade 1, 16.7%) Vomiting (grade 1, 16.7%) Fatigue (grade 1, 16.7%) Infection (grade 1, 16.7%) Urinary tract infection (grade 1, 33.3%) Blood pressure decreased (grade 1, 16.7%) Hyponatraemia (grade 1, 16.7%) Agitation (grade 1, 16.7%) Convulsion (grade 1, 16.7%) Headache (grade 1, 16.7%) Lethargy (grade 1, 16.7%) Delirium (grade 1, 16.7%) Depression (grade 1, 16.7%) Respiratory failure (grade 1, 33.3%) Rash (grade 1, 16.7%) Skin irritation (grade 1, 16.7%) Deep vein thrombosis (grade 1, 16.7%) Hypotension (grade 1, 16.7%) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21868742/

AEs

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
inhibitor 1587	inhibitor 1767	inhibitor 1852

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
CYP1A2 1524 CYP2C19 1478 OATP1B1 788 OATP1B3 706

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity
CYP1A2 1692	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwzMzU2IiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDEyMzQifX0%3D	no [Activation >10 uM]
CYP2C19 1553	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwzNjIyIiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDEyMzQifX0%3D	no [Activation >10 uM]
CYP2C9 1819	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwzMzk3IiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDEyMzQifX0%3D	no [Activation >10 uM]
CYP2D6 1891	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwyODkiLCJ1c2VfY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5Ijp0cnVlLCJzZWFyY2hfdGVybSI6IiIsInRleHRfZmlsdGVyIjoiQ0hFTUJMMTIzNCJ9fQ%3D%3D	no [Activation >10 uM]
CYP3A4 1925	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwzNDAiLCJ1c2VfY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5Ijp0cnVlLCJzZWFyY2hfdGVybSI6IiIsInRleHRfZmlsdGVyIjoiQ0hFTUJMMTIzNCJ9fQ%3D%3D	no [Activation >10 uM]
OATP1B1 803	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23571415/	yes
OATP1B3 715	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23571415/	yes

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
001 Chemical	DY567909	https://www.001chemical.com/chem/70-51-9
AK Scientific, Inc. (AKSCI)	0917AC	http://www.aksci.com/item_detail.php?cat=0917AC
Alfa Chemistry	70-51-9	https://www.alfa-chemistry.com/deferoxamine-cas-70-51-9-item-293386.htm
Ambeed	A698741	https://www.ambeed.com/products/70-51-9.html
Angel Pharmatech	AG105071	http://www.angelpharmatech.com/70-51-9.html
Angene	AGN-PC-0TYARJ	http://www.angenechemical.com/productshow/AGN-PC-0TYARJ.html
Anward	ANW-62156	http://www.anward.com/pro_result/48607
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	A13.108.698	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=A13.108.698
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	K05.567.218	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=K05.567.218
BLD Pharm	BD233947	http://www.bldpharm.com/products/70-51-9.html
BioChemPartner	BCP16524	http://www.biochempartner.com/70-51-9-BCP16524
BioSynth	Q-200933	https://www.biosynth.com/en/products/chemical-intermediates/basic-intermediates/products/Q-200933.html
CSNpharm	CSN13144	https://www.csnpharm.com/products/deferoxamine.html
ChemMol	99138532	http://www.chemmol.com/chemmol/99138532.html
Chemspace	CSSS00016998047	https://chem-space.com/CSSS00016998047
Hairui	HR125715	http://www.hairuichem.com/en/product/70-51-9.html
Molcore	MC567909	https://www.molcore.com/product/70-51-9
OChem	11972	http://www.ocheminc.com/index.php?act=psearch&pid=070D519
Smolecule	S575245	https://www.smolecule.com/products/s575245
THE BioTek	bt-295276	https://www.thebiotek.com/product/others/bt-295276
eNovation Chemicals	D673934	https://www.enovationchem.com/ProductDetails.asp?ProductID=D673934
iChemical	EBD27225	http://www.ichemical.com/products/70-51-9.html?utm_source=PubChem&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=product%20catalogs
mcule	MCULE-3095507442	https://mcule.com/MCULE-3095507442/

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Comparison of IY81149 with omeprazole in rat reflux oesophagitis.	2000 Oct-Dec	11350494
Persistence of delayed adrenarche in boys with thalassemia.	2001 Apr	11327374
Yersinia enterocolitica as a cause of intra-abdominal abscess: the role of iron.	2001 Apr	11308237
Relationship of fiber surface iron and active oxygen species to expression of procollagen, PDGF-A, and TGF-beta(1) in tracheal explants exposed to amosite asbestos.	2001 Apr	11306436
A new molecular role for iron in regulation of cell cycling and differentiation of HL-60 human leukemia cells: iron is required for transcription of p21(WAF1/CIP1) in cells induced by phorbol myristate acetate.	2001 Apr	11241357
Inhibitory effect of YC-1 on the hypoxic induction of erythropoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor in Hep3B cells.	2001 Apr 15	11286986
HIFalpha targeted for VHL-mediated destruction by proline hydroxylation: implications for O2 sensing.	2001 Apr 20	11292862
Targeting of HIF-alpha to the von Hippel-Lindau ubiquitylation complex by O2-regulated prolyl hydroxylation.	2001 Apr 20	11292861
Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis in thalassemia major patients.	2001 Apr-May	11293293
Lucigenin chemiluminescence in human seminal plasma.	2001 Feb	11264892
Incomplete cerebral infarctions are not silent.	2001 Feb	11216710
Radiation sensitization of mammalian cells by metal chelators.	2001 Feb	11175665
CAS agar diffusion assay for the measurement of siderophores in biological fluids.	2001 Feb 1	11166103
DNA-protein crosslinks induced by nickel compounds in isolated rat lymphocytes: role of reactive oxygen species and specific amino acids.	2001 Feb 1	11162780
Redox-active iron mediates amyloid-beta toxicity.	2001 Feb 15	11182300
Cellular sites of H2O2-induced damage and their protection by nitroxides.	2001 Feb 16	11342255
Desferrioxamine, an iron chelator, upregulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin production in a human macrophage cell line.	2001 Feb 26	11239825
Iron-induced changes in nitric oxide and superoxide radical generation in rat liver after lindane or thyroid hormone treatment.	2001 Feb 28	11311569
Cytochrome b(5) plays a key role in human microsomal chromium(VI) reduction.	2001 Feb 28	11223168
Oxygen radicals mediate the final exacerbation of endothelin-1-induced gastric ulcer in rat.	2001 Feb 9	11173071
Temporary treatment with sirolimus and low-trough cyclosporine prevents acute islet allograft rejection, and combination with starch-conjugated deferoxamine promotes islet engraftment in the preclinical pig model.	2001 Feb-Mar	11266930
The role of oxygen-derived free radicals in augmented relaxations to levcromakalim in the aorta from hypertensive rats.	2001 Jan	11243571
Differential inhibitory mechanism of Fe2+ and Fe3+ on contraction of ileal longitudinal smooth muscle.	2001 Jan	11207072
Improving adherence with deferoxamine regimens for patients receiving chronic transfusion therapy.	2001 Jan	11206966
Iron chelation: new therapies.	2001 Jan	11206965
Iron chelation therapy in sickle cell disease.	2001 Jan	11206964
Deferoxamine pharmacokinetics.	2001 Jan	11206963
Progression of iron overload in sickle cell disease.	2001 Jan	11206962
Effects of hyperoxia and iron on iron regulatory protein-1 activity and the ferritin synthesis in mouse peritoneal macrophages.	2001 Jan 12	11341946
Hypoxia death stimulus induces translocation of p53 protein to mitochondria. Detection by immunofluorescence on whole cells.	2001 Jan 19	11163756
Magnesium deprivation decreases cellular reduced glutathione and causes oxidative neuronal death in murine cortical cultures.	2001 Jan 26	11164781
Regulation of the 75-kDa subunit of mitochondrial complex I by iron.	2001 Jul 20	11313346
Up-regulation of apoptosis inhibitory protein IAP-2 by hypoxia. Hif-1-independent mechanisms.	2001 Jun 1	11278985
Hypoxia induces the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt cell survival pathway in PC12 cells: protective role in apoptosis.	2001 Jun 22	11294857
Vanadium-induced nuclear factor of activated T cells activation through hydrogen peroxide.	2001 Jun 22	11292823
Classification of Ralstonia pickettii biovar 3/'thomasii' strains (Pickett 1994) and of new isolates related to nosocomial recurrent meningitis as Ralstonia mannitolytica sp. nov.	2001 Mar	11321101
Pharmacosurveillance and quality of care of thalassaemic patients. A large scale epidemiological survey.	2001 Mar	11317481
Hemoproteins affect H(2)O(2) removal from rat tissues.	2001 Mar	11311861
Influence of iron restriction on Chlamydia pneumoniae and C. trachomatis.	2001 Mar	11232766
Mitochondrial involvement in cocaine-treated rat hepatocytes: effect of N-acetylcysteine and deferoxamine.	2001 Mar	11226137
Fas/Fas ligand-mediated death pathway is involved in oxLDL-induced apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells.	2001 Mar	11171590
Enterobactin: the characteristic catecholate siderophore of Enterobacteriaceae is produced by Streptomyces species.(1).	2001 Mar 15	11267771
Heme oxygenase-1 inhibits atherosclerotic lesion formation in ldl-receptor knockout mice.	2001 Mar 16	11249874
Cytosolic xanthine oxidoreductase mediated bioactivation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and free radicals in rat breast tissue. Its potential role in alcohol-promoted mammary cancer.	2001 Mar 7	11246119
Evaluation of a new selective medium for methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus.	2001 May	11339258
Asbestos causes apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells: role of iron-induced free radicals.	2001 May	11329530
The controversial role of deferiprone in the treatment of thalassemia.	2001 May	11329529
Regulatory interactions between iron and nitric oxide metabolism for immune defense against Plasmodium falciparum infection.	2001 May 1	11294671
Hypoxia induces lytic replication of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.	2001 May 15	11342455
Induction of oxidative stress by humic acid through increasing intracellular iron: a possible mechanism leading to atherothrombotic vascular disorder in blackfoot disease.	2001 May 18	11350046

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Acute Iron Intoxication: Intramuscular Administration: This route is preferred and should be used for ALL PATIENTS NOT IN SHOCK: A dose of 1000 mg should be administered initially. This may be followed by 500 mg every 4 hours for two doses. Depending upon the clinical response, subsequent doses of 500 mg may be administered every 4-12 hours. The total amount administered should not exceed 6000 mg in 24 hours Intravenous Administration: THIS ROUTE SHOULD BE USED ONLY FOR PATIENTS IN A STATE OF CARDIOVASCULAR COLLAPSE AND THEN ONLY BY SLOW INFUSION. THE RATE OF INFUSION SHOULD NOT EXCEED 15 MG/KG/HR FOR THE FIRST 1000 MG ADMINISTERED. SUBSEQUENT IV DOSING, IF NEEDED, MUST BE AT A SLOWER RATE, NOT TO EXCEED 125 MG/HR: An initial dose of 1000 mg should be administered at a rate NOT TO EXCEED 15 mg/kg/hr. This may be followed by 500 mg over 4 hours for two doses. Depending upon the clinical response, subsequent doses of 500 mg may be administered over 4-12 hours. The total amount administered should not exceed 6000 mg in 24 hours. CHRONIC IRON OVERLOAD: SUBCUTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION: A daily dose of 1000-2000 mg (20-40 mg/kg/day) should be administered over 8-24 hours, utilizing a small portable pump capable of providing continuous mini-infusion. The duration of infusion must be individualized. In some patients, as much iron will be excreted after a short infusion of 8-12 hours as with the same dose given over 24 hours. Intravenous Administration: The standard recommended method of Desferal administration is via slow subcutaneous infusion over 8 – 12 hours. In patients with intravenous access, the daily dose of Desferal can be administered intravenously. The standard dose is 20 – 40 mg/kg/day for children and 40–50 mg/kg/day over 8 – 12 hours in adults for 5 – 7 days per week. In children, average doses should not exceed 40 mg/kg/day until growth has ceased. In adults, average doses should not exceed 60 mg/kg/day. The intravenous infusion rate should not exceed 15 mg/kg/hour. Intramuscular Administration: A daily dose of 500-1000 mg may be administered intramuscularly. The total daily dose should not exceed 1000 mg.

Route of Administration: Other

In Vitro Use Guide

Unknown

Name

Type

Language

DEFEROXAMINE

Official Name

English

DESFERRIOXAMINE B

Common Name

English

deferoxamine [INN]

Common Name

English

BUTANEDIAMIDE, N'-(5-((4-((5-(ACETYLHYDROXYAMINO)PENTYL)AMINO)-1,4-DIOXOBUTYL)HYDROXYAMINO)PENTYL)-N-(5-AMINOPENTYL)-N-HYDROXY-

Systematic Name

English

N-[5-{3-[(5-Aminopentyl)hydroxycarbamoyl]propionamido}pentyl]-3-{[5-(N-hydroxyacetamido)pentyl]carbamoyl}propionohydroxamic acid

Systematic Name

English

DEFEROXAMINE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

DEFEROXAMINE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

DFO-B

Common Name

English

DEFEROXAMINE [USAN]

Common Name

English

DESFEROXAMINE B

Common Name

English

NSC-527604

Code

English

DESFERRIOXAMINE

Common Name

English

Deferoxamine [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

DEFEROXAMINE [MI]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-VATC

QV03AC01